Course Name : Surveying-I

Detailed Syllabus:

Unit 1: Introduction to surveying Introduction- Various types of surveying- based on methods and instruments, classifications; Uses and necessity of geodetic surveying, photographic, astronomy and hydrographic surveying; Diagonal scale, various types of verniers, micrometers on surveying instruments, principles of surveying; Chain surveying, instruments required for linear measurement; Offsets-Perpendicular and Oblique offsets; Minor instruments for setting out right angle

Unit 2: Compass traverse surveying Introduction, and Purpose, Compass: Principle, Bearings- fore and back bearing, compass - prismatic, surveyor, whole circle bearing and Quadrantal bearing; Reduced bearings, Local Attraction.

Unit 3: Plane Table Surveying Definitions, uses and advantages, temporary adjustments. Different methods of plane table surveying. Two point problem. Errors in plane table survey, use of telescopic alidade.

Unit 4: Leveling and contouring Leveling - Definitions, technical terms, different types of levels such as dumpy, quickset, precise, auto temporary and permanent adjustments of dumpy and auto level. Different methods of leveling, reduction of levels and problems. Difficulties in leveling work, corrections and precautions to be taken in leveling work. Contour - definitions, contour interval, equivalent, uses and characteristics of contour lines, direct and indirect methods of contouring. Running a level line, L section, cross section, methods of interpolation. Grade contour- definition, use, setting out in field. Computation of volume by trapezoidal and prismoidal formula, volume from spot levels, volume from contour plan.

Unit 5: Theodolite & Theodolite traversing Theodolite-various parts and axis of transit, technical terms, temporary and permanent adjustments of a transit, horizontal and vertical angles, methods of repetition and reiteration; Different methods of running a theodolite traverses, Gales’ traverse table, balancing of traverse by Bow-Ditch's transit and modified transit rules;

Unit 6: Setting out works General horizontal and vertical control, setting out of foundation plan for load bearing and framed structure, batter board, slope and grade stakes, setting out with theodolite. Setting out of sewer line, culvert, use of laser for works. Setting out center line for tunnel, transfer of levels to underground work Project / route survey for bridge, dam and canal. Checking verticality of high rise structures.

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